Consolidation

The 100 (Season 1) -
"Its been nearly 100 years since Earth was devastated by a nuclear apocalypse, with the only survivors being the inhabitants of 12 international space stations that were in orbit at the time. Three generations later, the survivors number 4,000 - and resources are running out on their dying "Ark" (the 12 stations now linked together and purposed to keep the survivors alive). Capital punishment and population control are the order of the day, as the leaders of the Ark take ruthless steps to ensure their future - including secretly exiling a group of 100 juvenile prisoners to the Earth's surface to test whether its habitable. No one has set foot on the planet in nearly a century - until now"
Language - 

In the moving image media text which I have used covers different areas of language. The colours used in this trailer are mainly dark greens and blues. This is used to present features of mystery and adventure. The light flashes create a futuristic theme contrasting with the darker colours.

Audience - 

Demographic - The target audience for "The 100" is mainly young adults (16-25). This is mainly because of the shows concept of a mysterious and futuristic theme. The audience which this is mainly targeted at is similar to the well know film series "The Hunger Games", as "The 100" has similar futuristic plots and character personalities. 

Camera Angles and Movement

Use of Camera Angles and Movement in a film clip
"The Shining - Typewriter scene"

1) What camera angles and shots are used when Wendy is reading at the typewriter?

When Wendy is looking over at the typewriter, different camera angles and shots were used. The different shots used are:

- Low Angle shot (looking up) is used as Wendy is looking over the top of the typewriter to see what her husband had written

- POV / Medium Close up (Characters / audiences point of view) is used to look at the sheets of papers, showing it in her perspective for the audience to see, (zoom is also introduced here)
- Over the shoulder (views the back of Wendy whilst looking over the typewriter) is used right at the start of the scene.
- Tracking shot (camera that moves along tracks) is used when Jack enters the room, focusing on him both entering and the effect that it will have on Wendy.

2) How do they make us feel?

The Over the shoulder shot is used to set the scene right at the start. Although we cannot see Wendy's face, the combination of music and camera angles creates the suspense as the camera is drawing closer to Wendy and the typewriter. This shot puts an effect on the reader by setting the scene, although in the clip we don't know how it is linked to the rest of the film, it clearly sets the scene and builds tension to the audience as she begins to look over at the typewriter.
The low angle shot is used as Wendy is looking over the top of the typewriter. Not only does it create suspicion of what Jack has written, it also creates the effect of suspense to find out why he has written 'All work no play makes jack a dull boy' so many times. This shot puts an effect on the audience as it makes us curious of what will happen next.
The POV / Medium Close up is used to look at the sheets of paper which jack has written on, showing it in both the audiences and Wendy's perspective. This shot puts an effect on the audience, as it brings them into the scene, and creates emotion with Wendy's reaction after he finds the typewriter. Before we can even see the typewriter, all we see is Wendy's emotions as she reads the paper, although we haven't yet seen what is written, the expression on Wendy's face shows exactly what she's thinking and how she feels (horror and shock)
The Tracking shot is then used when Jack enters the room which Wendy is in, the camera slowly focuses on him and gets closer up to Wendy. This shot puts an effect on the audience as jack witnesses Wendy looking through his 'work'. It creates empathy from the audience to Wendy as she does not realise that he is there.

3) Where does the zoom take place, and what is its effect?

The zoom takes place toward the end of the scene, as Jack makes his way into the room which Wendy is in. The zoom use is important as it helps to show us her attention. When Jack enters, Wendy fails to notice him because of how much she is focused on the typewriter. This is used to create sympathy towards Wendy as she doesn't know what is about to happen and that Jack is actually there. The zoom  implies that only the paper is important, as Wendy isn't aware of anything else in the room like she originally was.

4) What camera shots are used as jack moves into the room?
*POV and then later into an Over the shoulder shot*
When Jack first moves into the room, a POV (Point of View) shot is used. This shot is used to show Jacks perspective of the room when he first enters, seeing his wife stood over by his typewriter.

Exam Questions past paper practice

1a) Analyse the front covers for both GQ and Saga magazines commenting on:

• Visual codes - 
• Layout and Design -
• Language and Mode of address - 

2a) GQ Magazine audiences:

Demographic: The GQ magazine is mainly targeted towards the age of an adult (25-50), and aimed mainly towards a male audience. This is displayed through the magazine's main image being of Clint Eastwood. The magazine's annual slogan "Men of the year issue" will attract this target audience as implies that the contents are all about the "Men of the year", this appealing to the target audience because of its content and the use of celebrity icons. Furthermore, the word 'year' implies that rather than a small period of time, the "Men of the year" are selected from a large range of people over a longer period time. This implying that only the very best are chosen to be used in the magazine, appealing to the older audience as it appears to be personalised by using only the very best. 

The way that Clint Eastwood is posing on the front of the magazine will also help to attract an older audience. The way that he is posing helps to link the image with the text surrounding, proving that he is "Badass of the year". This would appeal to the older male audience as looking "Badass" may appeal to the audience.

Psychographic: This GQ magazine is also targeted towards an audience of which are fans of Clint Eastwood's work and lifestyle. By choosing a someone who is a well known celebrity figure, the magazines audience can open up to any that are inspired or a fan of any aspect of his work. This is also targeted towards people of which are fans of other male celebrity figures. Some examples of this appear on the front cover, including Tom Brady, Barack Obama and Neil Patrick Harris.

2b) Saga Magazine:
Saga magazine is aimed towards people aged over 50, this is shown on the front cover of the of the magazine. One way that the cover appeals to the audience is through the design. The designers if the magazines have used sophisticated and a simplistic design. This appeals to the older audience as the cover isn't too distractive and is attractive to its audience.
Another connotation of this in the magazine would be through the celebrity figure they have used in this case Michael Caine, both in his celebrity status and appearance. The outfit of which Michael Caine is wearing is both serious yet sophisticated. His glasses show a form of intelligence implying that he is well educated, His facial expressions show a stern, serious but slight smirk, showing that he knows what he's talking about, but can make it interesting in a slightly entertaining way. His stance is also quite serious by having his hands placed in his pockets.
Another connotation of this in the magazine is through the colours used. Along with the sophisticated colour scheme, the colours of which Michael is wearing shows both seriousness and mystery.

2c)


3) Exploring representations of media today..

Different target audiences

Sugar Lads Mag-
2a)
Demographic - The 'Sugar Lads Mag' is mainly targeted towards the teenage age and people in their early 20's (16-20), and aimed at mainly girls. This is displayed through the magazine's main image being of Gerard Way, a male rock star in a popular group with a teenage following.  The magazine slogan "It's all about him - for you" will attract this target audience as it implies that the contents of the magazine is about Gerard. Furthermore, the word "you" personalises the contents, making it sound like it is written especially for the reader. The type of language used also attracts the younger audience, "How I beat my bullies" is a way in which the magazine can give an insight into Gerard's past which would attract to the fans of him and his music, But this statement would also attract to the teenage market as a way for advice can be given across about "bullies" to those who need it, making Gerard a teenage idol. The use of informal language in the phrase "I'm a Laydee" implies that the magazine is targeted towards a younger audience.

Psychographic -  The magazine is also targeted at people because of their interests, lifestyle and mindset. Although most of their target audience are around the teenage market, some of the audience will be attracted because of their lifestyle rather than their age or gender. The main celebrity model they have used is a music idol (Gerard Way who use to be in the band My Chemical Romance). The Psychographic audience may have the interest of music or even have 'MCR' as one of their inspirations. Another way that this magazine would be through "I'm a Laydee". The use of language used would link to those who may be from the gay community as "Laydee" and "One lad goes girlie for a week" fits with some similar personality traits for someone who is gay/or acts in a similar way.

Analytical Task - Hawaii Five O

• How does the programme show the Crime drama genre?
• Does the episode follow a recognisable narrative structure? (Todorov or McKee)?
• How does the programme use enigmas?
• What evidence is there both a series and a serial (series tell a different story each episode, serials have on going stories (like soap operas))

1) Hawaii Five-O shows how it is a Crime Drama in many ways. One way of this is through their use of props. They use police uniforms and props such as weapons and machinery. Rather than using simple props of what police officers would use, Hawaii Five-O uses a range of generic props such as flashing lights and police sirens, also a higher end props such as helicopters and a prison.

In Hawaii Five-O they also present the concept of a TV Crime Drama through their use of characters. in most Crime, Drama, or Crime Drama shows their are commonly used characters. In these shows there is almost always: A Villain, a Hero, an Ambiguous character, a Helper and an Expert.

In Hawaii Five-O, Each of these types of character types are portrayed. These typical characters link with the shows genre. The shows Heroic are Police officers, the Villains are engaged in criminal activities in a prison; One of which is an Ex-Police officer who is now serving a sentence imprisonment, The Police officers are helped and advised by the Helpers and Experts within the police department, and the ambiguous character both turns against and helps out the heroes, and is also a recurring character in the series.

In the show the Camerawork, Editing and Setting help to also show how it is a Crime Drama. 

The Camerawork used helps to show the action in which a Crime Drama would commonly use. Close-ups with the camera helps to show a characters emotions through their facial expressions, where as a long-shot is mainly used to capture a scenes action (this is so that the whole shot can fit into the frame so that non of the action is missed).

The Editing helps to show the typical type of action which takes place in a Crime Drama. Rather than using little action in soaps and regular dramas, Hawaii Five-O captures its action through their editing with fast paced scenes. In the high action scenes (i.e. when the prison breaks out) the editing is kept to a fast pace to capture the action of the scene and the audiences reaction.

2) Hawaii Five-O follows a recognisable narrative structure throughout it episodes. In the episode that we are basing the work on follows both of the structure theories.
In the episode of which Chin Ho Kelly is kidnapped and wakes up in a prison, Todorov's Equilibrium Theory is followed to create the episodes structure. At the start of the episode the structure follows the 'Equilibrium', this is represented when Chin is relaxing at home alone. This then develops into 'Disruption', Changing both the pace and emotion of the seen, This happens when Chin becomes kidnapped and gets taken away when he is drugged to sleep.
Chin Ho Kelly then becomes aware of the danger he is in through 'Recognition' when he realises his state of equilibrium is disrupted when he wakes up in the prison.
These first three parts of the Equilibrium Theory happens within the first few minutes into the Hawaii Five-O episode, which then helps to create both tension and drama to the scene.
The episode then continues to follow the theories structure. This is shown through 'Reparation' as Chin tries to resolve his issue by getting to a guard and trying to escape out of the prison.
Finally the episode finishes with the Theories concept of 'Restoration'. This is shown when Chin is rescued from prison and is in hospital to help with his injuries. In this scene Chin is better of than he was in the beginning, Although he is injured, Chin is thankful for the force and for his colleges as they practically saved his life. The Equilibrium theory helps the episode to create a recognisable episode structure and also to add drama to each of the scenes.

On the other hand, The episode we are focusing on also follows the well known structure of Robert McKee's Classic Five Part Narrative Theory, as each of the stages are followed through in the Hawaii Five-O scenes.
The 'Inciting Incident' is presented at the start of the episode, this is when the character is disrupted and the scene beginnings to turn dramatic. Once the drama is built up through the first stage, the story then deepens which is represented through 'Progressive Complications'. The episode then begins to follow the final three stages which take course throughout the episode, The 'Crisis' happens as the mood of Chin begins to deteriorate and things get worse for him, this is then followed onto the 'Climax' when both Chin and the enemy appear head to head and the action of the scene is increased. The theory then finishes off with 'Restoration', where the main issue is resolved and things return back to normal for Chin.

In this episode the chronology changes from following the more recognisable structure. Although through most of the episode a regular structure is followed, the episode is structured in a different way. The episode starts off with a scene which later appears; This is presented as a flash back until the same moment appears later on in the episode. This creates an effect on the audience which is used to grasp the audiences attention and keeps them curious of what will happen throughout the episode.


3) In Hawaii Five-O, many different enigmas are presented throughout the episodes. In the episode I am focusing on, many different kinds of enigmas are used, all of which are used in different ways to create an effect on the audience. One presentation for an enigma was through the use of the character Adam. Adam (One of the main police officers boyfriend/fiancé) is presented as a mysterious character, who of which seems to be hiding something. In part of the episode we saw how his girlfriend/fiancé tried to trace information of which he had been hiding on his phone. Furthermore, this keeps the audience engaged of finding out the mystery behind the secrets he is keeping, and also figuring out that he isn't who we think he really is. This enigma used keeps the audience engaged over a longer period of time as it would leave the audience wondering what happens next with Adam's mystery, how it has an effect on the other characters.

Another enigma used in the episode is through its chronology. Rather than following a regular patterned structure, in this episode of Hawaii Five-O the order of the plot changes. At the start of the episode we are shown a shooting scene, of which gives no reason for why it is taking place. Throughout the episode we then begin to learn about the episodes plot and how the first scene shown links in. This enigma is used to help engage the audience by building tension and mystery, showing why the episode creates a flash back of what is taking place, keeping the audience wanting to know more. This builds action and emotion; Rather than building up the episodes drama over the course of the episode, it starts with the shooting scene, this grasping the audiences attention.
Most of the enigmas used are answered within the single episode, but some are carried on into future episodes. This is used so that the audience who watched the original episode, will continue to watch episodes after to find out a characters plot.


4) In this episode both concepts of series and serials in television are used. The episode comes across as a series, this is show through each of the characters plots, each changing after each of the episodes (Similarly to other crime dramas). But the episode also shows way in which it is a serial too. Although each of the episodes include different content, some of the characters plots carry on into other episodes, sometimes lasting for many after. (similarly to soap operas e.g. Coronation Street)
In this episode of Hawaii Five-O both of these are shown:
A series is shown through most of the characters, changing what happens to the characters each episode. For example this is shown through Chin, In the episode I am focusing on Chin gets injured and the story is mainly based around him, the episode after then focusing on a separate character and the previous episode of Chin isn't linked.
A serial is shown through some of the characters, keeping the same plot on continuous episodes.
 For example this is shown through the character of Adam, In this episode there is uncovered truths of what Adam is hiding from the other characters, This then carries on into later episodes linking in with other character plots.

Codes and Conventions

Magazine cover - VOGUE
This magazine follows codes and conventions, it does this because the magazine uses: A bold Masthead, Barcode, Price tag, Date (month only), Secondary articles, Headline and a Feature article photograph.

The Masthead, Headline, Article photograph and Secondary articles stand out most on the magazine cover by catching the audiences attention. These codes and conventions are similar to other magazines like it. One example of this is through the model (Kristen Stewart) who is giving direct eye contact to draw in the audience through the appearance of the magazines cover.

The Magazine is also quite formal, although it is not as formal as most classical magazines, this magazine approaches the audience through an informal and chatty aspect.
The Magazine cover uses formal language, referring to Kate Middleton as Catherine Middleton, and also including a serious segment on someone 'surviving a near-death brain trauma'. Both of these are represented as a formal type of text/content, But the magazine also addresses the 'importance' of someones fashion through 'perfect hair at what risk' and '50 classic looks for spring'.

The Magazine also helps to include the audience through the text, font and style. The text and colour of the font provides an uplifting style of the cover. Rather than using bright colours which would usually be eye catching yet over powering, this magazine uses a more toned down text using darker colours on a lighter background. Although using a darker font colour may not usually stand out, by applying an attractive model over a lighter background still allows the magazine to stand out in a more sophisticated way.

Denotations and Connotations

Back To The Future -

Connotations-
- The colour black used in the background represents the mystery of the film.
- The fire coming from the tire marks represents the speed of which the car is travelling at.
- The bold font which is in the film title is used to make it stand out to the audience and catch their attention.
- The facial expressions which the main character (Marty McFly) shows that he maybe in a rush due to him looking at his watch. This linking with the fire on the car tire marks showing how fast he is travelling.








MIKA -

Connotations-
- The bright colours used in the background represents how happy the songs are.
- The font shape and size is used to help the album cover stand out to its audience. It makes it clear for what type and artist the album is from.
- The types of shapes and colours make the cover to appear more attractive.
- The character on the cover who is laying down on a sofa helps to show how relaxed and laid back the music actually is.